North America is home to a diverse array of mammal species, ranging from iconic predators like wolves and bears to small, elusive creatures like bats and shrews. With its varied ecosystems, from expansive forests to deserts and grasslands, the continent provides habitats for a wide range of mammals, each adapted to their specific environment.
The mammalian fauna of North America encompasses numerous families, including Canidae (dogs, foxes, wolves), Felidae (cats), Cervidae (deer), and Mustelidae (weasels, otters, badgers), to name just a few. These families consist of various species, each exhibiting unique characteristics and adaptations that have allowed them to thrive in their respective niches.
The continent is also home to several endemic species, such as the pronghorn antelope and the North American river otter, adding to its biological richness.
Abert’s Squirrel
Abert’s squirrels are native to the southwestern United States and are known for their distinct ear tufts. They primarily feed on the seeds and cones of Ponderosa pine trees.
Alaskan Hare
Alaskan hares, also known as snowshoe hares, have large hind feet that help them move across the snow easily. Their fur changes color from brown in summer to white in winter as a camouflage adaptation.
Alpine Chipmunk
Alpine chipmunks inhabit high-elevation areas in the western United States. They are well-adapted to cold climates and hibernate during the winter months. These chipmunks are skilled climbers and can be found in rocky habitats.
American Badger
American badgers are burrowing mammals native to North America. They have a stout body and powerful forelimbs for digging. Badgers are known for their aggressive behavior and can be fierce predators.
American Beaver
American beavers are large semi-aquatic rodents found throughout North America. They are known for their ability to build dams and lodges using branches and mud. Beavers play a crucial role in creating and maintaining wetland habitats.
American Bison
American bison are iconic mammals of the Great Plains. They are the largest land animals in North America. Bison herds were once widespread but were drastically reduced due to overhunting. Conservation efforts have helped in their recovery.
American Black Bear
American black bears are the most common bear species in North America. They are adaptable and can be found in various habitats. Despite their name, their fur can be brown, cinnamon, or even white. Black bears are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plant matter and occasionally preying on small animals.
American Marten
American martens are small carnivorous mammals found in forests of North America. They have long, slender bodies and a luxurious brown fur coat. Martens are skilled climbers and agile hunters, feeding on small mammals, birds, and insects.
American Mink
American mink are semi-aquatic mammals native to North America. They have sleek, dark brown fur and are excellent swimmers. Minks primarily feed on fish, amphibians, and small mammals.
American Pika
American pikas are small herbivorous mammals found in alpine regions of western North America. They have round bodies and short limbs. Pikas are known for their distinctive “haystack” behavior, where they collect and store vegetation for winter.
Appalachian Cottontail
Appalachian cottontails are small rabbits endemic to the Appalachian Mountains in eastern North America. They have short ears and a fluffy white tail. These rabbits are primarily herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plants.
Arctic Fox
Arctic foxes are well-adapted to the harsh Arctic conditions. They have thick white fur that camouflages them in winter and molt into a brownish-gray coat during summer. These foxes are scavengers and opportunistic hunters, feeding on small mammals and birds.
Arctic Ground Squirrel
Arctic ground squirrels are found in the Arctic and subarctic regions of North America. They are known for their ability to hibernate for long periods, up to nine months. These squirrels play a vital role in the ecosystem as prey for various predators.
Arctic Hare
Arctic hares are large, cold-adapted hares found in the Arctic regions of North America. They have long legs and thick fur that changes color from white in winter to a bluish-gray in summer. Arctic hares are herbivorous, feeding on grasses, mosses, and lichens.
Atlantic Spotted Dolphin
Atlantic spotted dolphins are marine mammals that inhabit warm waters of the Atlantic Ocean. They are known for their playful nature and acrobatic displays, often leaping and riding the bow waves created by boats. These dolphins have distinct spots on their bodies, which vary in color and pattern among individuals.
Atlantic White-sided Dolphin
Atlantic white-sided dolphins are energetic and social marine mammals found in the North Atlantic Ocean. They have a striking color pattern, with a dark gray back, light gray sides, and a white belly. These dolphins are known for their aerial displays and can often be seen riding the bow waves of boats.
Bailey’s Pocket Mouse
Bailey’s pocket mouse is a small rodent found in the deserts of the southwestern United States. They have cheek pouches that they use to carry food back to their burrows. These mice are nocturnal and primarily feed on seeds and plant material.
Bearded Seal
Bearded seals are large seals that inhabit the Arctic and subarctic regions. They have thick, bristly whiskers, which give them their name. Bearded seals rely on sea ice for resting, breeding, and giving birth. They mainly feed on a variety of fish and invertebrates.
Belding’s Ground Squirrel
Belding’s ground squirrels are found in western North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration with a white underbelly. These squirrels are known for their alarm calls and are often found in open grasslands or meadows.
Beluga
Belugas, also known as white whales, are marine mammals found in the Arctic and subarctic regions. They are known for their distinctive white coloration and melon-shaped forehead. Belugas are highly vocal and use a complex system of clicks, whistles, and chirps to communicate with each other.
Big Brown Bat
Big brown bats are one of the most widespread bat species in North America. They have dark brown fur and are known for their relatively large size. These bats are nocturnal and feed on insects, using echolocation to navigate and locate their prey.
Bighorn Sheep
Bighorn sheep are large wild sheep native to North America. They have massive, curled horns that are an iconic feature of the species. Bighorn sheep inhabit rugged mountainous habitats and are well-adapted to climbing steep cliffs.
Black-footed Ferret
Black-footed ferrets are small carnivores native to North America. They have slender bodies, black feet, and a distinctive facial mask. Black-footed ferrets are highly endangered and are considered one of the rarest mammals in North America.
Black-tailed Jackrabbit
Black-tailed jackrabbits are large hares found in western North America. They have long ears and powerful hind legs, which allow them to reach speeds of up to 40 miles per hour. These jackrabbits are herbivorous and are primarily active during dawn and dusk.
Black-tailed Prairie Dog
Black-tailed prairie dogs are highly social rodents that inhabit the grasslands of North America. They live in complex burrow systems called “towns” and communicate through a series of barks. Prairie dogs play a crucial role in their ecosystem by creating habitats and providing food for various other species.
Blue Whale
Blue whales are the largest animals on Earth, reaching lengths of up to 100 feet and weighing over 200 tons. They are found in oceans worldwide and are known for their deep blue-gray coloration. Blue whales primarily feed on tiny shrimp-like organisms called krill.
Bobcat
Bobcats are small to medium-sized wildcats native to North America. They have a spotted coat and tufted ears. Bobcats are solitary animals and are skilled predators, hunting a variety of small mammals and birds.
Botta’s Pocket Gopher
Botta’s pocket gopher is a burrowing rodent found in the western United States. They have large, clawed forelimbs and external cheek pouches for carrying food. Botta’s pocket gophers play a significant role in soil aeration and plant seed dispersal.
Bottlenose Dolphin
Bottlenose dolphins are highly intelligent and social marine mammals found in oceans worldwide. They are known for their curved “bottlenose” snout and playful behavior. These dolphins communicate using a series of clicks, whistles, and body movements.
Bowhead Whale
Bowhead whales are large baleen whales found in Arctic and subarctic waters. They have massive, bow-shaped heads and can live for over 200 years, making them one of the longest-living mammals. Bowhead whales are adapted to break through ice, and they primarily feed on tiny zooplankton.
Brazilian Free-tailed Bat
Brazilian free-tailed bats are insect-eating bats found in the southern United States and parts of Central and South America. They are known for their exceptional flight speed and agility, often reaching speeds of up to 60 miles per hour. These bats play a crucial role in pest control by consuming large quantities of insects.
Brown Bear
Brown bears, also known as grizzly bears, are large mammals found in various habitats across North America. They have a distinctive shoulder hump and can range in color from light brown to dark brown. Brown bears are omnivorous, feeding on a diet that includes berries, fish, insects, and small mammals.
Brown Lemming
Brown lemmings are small rodents found in the Arctic tundra regions of North America. They have dense fur that provides insulation in cold climates. Brown lemmings are herbivorous and play a crucial role in the Arctic ecosystem as a primary prey species.
Brush Rabbit
Brush rabbits are small rabbits endemic to California. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration and relatively short ears. Brush rabbits are primarily herbivorous and inhabit dense vegetation such as chaparral and thickets.
Bryde’s Whale
Bryde’s whales are medium-sized baleen whales found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. They have a slender body and can reach lengths of up to 50 feet. Bryde’s whales primarily feed on small fish and plankton.
Bushy-tailed Woodrat
Bushy-tailed woodrats, also known as packrats, are rodents found in various habitats throughout North America. They are known for their habit of collecting and hoarding objects such as twigs, leaves, and shiny objects in their nests. Bushy-tailed woodrats are primarily herbivorous and play a role in seed dispersal.
Cactus Mouse
Cactus mice are small rodents that inhabit arid regions of North America. They have adaptations to survive in desert environments, such as specialized kidneys that conserve water. Cactus mice primarily feed on seeds, fruits, and plant material.
California Ground Squirrel
California ground squirrels are burrowing rodents found in the western United States. They have a tan or gray-brown fur coloration with a white underside. These squirrels are known for their extensive burrow systems and their ability to hibernate.
California Leaf-nosed Bat
California leaf-nosed bats are insect-eating bats found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have distinctive leaf-shaped noses and large ears. These bats are important pollinators and insect controllers in their ecosystems.
California Myotis
California myotis are small bats found in western North America. They have dark brown fur and a wingspan of about 9 to 10 inches. California myotis are insectivorous bats that primarily feed on small insects like mosquitoes, moths, and beetles.
California Sea Lion
California sea lions are marine mammals that inhabit the coastal waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean, particularly along the western coast of North America. They have a streamlined body, external ear flaps, and powerful flippers. California sea lions are highly social animals and are known for their agility and acrobatic displays.
Canada Lynx
Canada lynx are medium-sized wildcats native to North America. They have long legs, tufted ears, and distinctive facial ruffs. Canada lynx primarily inhabit northern forests and are specialized predators of snowshoe hares.
Caribou
Caribou, also known as reindeer, are large deer species found in the Arctic tundra and boreal forests of North America, Europe, and Asia. They have impressive antlers, which are larger in males. Caribou undertake long-distance migrations and are well-adapted to survive in harsh, snowy environments.
Cliff Chipmunk
Cliff chipmunks are small rodents found in rocky habitats of western North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration with stripes on their back. Cliff chipmunks are excellent climbers and are known for their ability to navigate steep cliffs and rock crevices.
Clymene Dolphin
Clymene dolphins are small dolphins found in the Atlantic Ocean. They have a sleek body and distinctive coloration, with a dark cape extending from the rostrum to the dorsal fin. Clymene dolphins are highly active swimmers and often engage in leaping and bow riding behavior.
Collared Peccary
Collared peccaries, also known as javelinas, are pig-like mammals found in the southwestern United States and Central and South America. They have a grayish-black coat and a white collar of fur around their neck. Collared peccaries are omnivorous and live in social groups called “sounders.”
Colorado Chipmunk
Colorado chipmunks are small rodents found in the mountainous regions of western North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with dark stripes on their back. Colorado chipmunks are active during the day and are known for their quick movements and vocalizations.
Columbian Ground Squirrel
Columbian ground squirrels are medium-sized rodents found in western North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a white underside. Columbian ground squirrels live in colonies and hibernate during the winter months.
Common Gray Fox
Common gray foxes are small carnivores found in North and Central America. They have a grayish-brown coat with a black-tipped tail. Gray foxes are skilled climbers and can even climb trees to escape predators or search for food.
Cotton Mouse
Cotton mice are small rodents found in the southeastern United States. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with white underparts. Cotton mice are nocturnal and primarily feed on seeds, fruits, and insects.
Cougar
Cougars, also known as mountain lions or pumas, are large cats native to the Americas. They have a slender body, tan or brown fur, and a long tail. Cougars are solitary and are highly adaptable predators, capable of hunting a wide range of prey.
Coyote
Coyotes are highly adaptable canids found throughout North and Central America. They have a gray or reddish-brown fur coloration and are known for their distinct yipping and howling vocalizations. Coyotes are opportunistic predators and scavengers, feeding on a variety of small mammals, birds, and carrion.
Dall’s Porpoise
Dall’s porpoises are small cetaceans found in the cold waters of the North Pacific Ocean. They have a robust body and are known for their distinctive black and white coloration, with a white patch on their sides and a dark dorsal cape. Dall’s porpoises are fast swimmers and are often seen riding the bow waves created by boats.
Dall’s Sheep
Dall’s sheep are wild sheep species native to the mountainous regions of North America. They have thick, curled horns and a white coat that provides excellent camouflage in snowy environments. Dall’s sheep are agile climbers and inhabit steep, rocky slopes.
Deer Mouse
Deer mice, also known as white-footed mice, are small rodents found in various habitats across North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a white underside and distinctive large eyes. Deer mice are nocturnal and omnivorous, feeding on seeds, fruits, insects, and small vertebrates.
Desert Cottontail
Desert cottontails are small mammals native to North America, commonly found in desert regions. With its distinctive large ears and a fluffy white tail, the desert cottontail is well adapted to its arid habitat and is known for its quick movements and ability to blend into its surroundings.
Douglas’ Squirrel
Douglas’ squirrels, also known as chickarees, are tree squirrels found in the forests of western North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and a long bushy tail. Douglas’ squirrels are agile climbers and are known for their vocalizations, including a high-pitched “chickaree” call.
Eastern Chipmunk
Eastern chipmunks are small rodents found in eastern North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with black and white stripes on their back. Eastern chipmunks are known for their cheek pouches, which they use to carry food to their burrows.
Eastern Cottontail
Eastern cottontails are medium-sized rabbits found in eastern and central North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a distinctive white fluffy tail. Eastern cottontails are primarily nocturnal and are herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plant material.
Eastern Fox Squirrel
Eastern fox squirrels are large tree squirrels found in eastern North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with a white belly. Eastern fox squirrels are known for their impressive jumping ability and are often seen foraging on the ground for nuts and seeds.
Eastern Gray Squirrel
Eastern gray squirrels are medium-sized tree squirrels found in eastern North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration with a white underside. Eastern gray squirrels are highly adaptable and are known for their ability to thrive in urban environments.
Eastern Harvest Mouse
Eastern harvest mice are small rodents found in the grasslands and wetlands of eastern North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a long tail. Eastern harvest mice are primarily herbivorous and feed on seeds, grains, and grasses.
Eastern Spotted Skunk
Eastern spotted skunks are small carnivores found in eastern and central North America. They have a black fur coloration with white spots or stripes on their back. Eastern spotted skunks are known for their defensive behavior of performing handstands and emitting a strong-smelling musk when threatened.
Elk
Elk, also known as wapiti, are large deer species found in North America and parts of Asia. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and impressive antlers in males. Elk are social animals and live in herds, often migrating seasonally.
Ermine
Ermines, also known as stoats or short-tailed weasels, are small carnivorous mammals found in various habitats across North America, Europe, and Asia. They have a slender body, short legs, and a long, flexible body. Ermines have a winter coat that turns white, except for the tip of their tail, which remains black. They are skilled hunters and are known for their agility and ability to prey on animals larger than themselves.
Evening Bat
Evening bats are small insectivorous bats found in North and Central America. They have a brown fur coloration and a wingspan of about 9 to 11 inches. Evening bats are nocturnal and play an important role in controlling insect populations.
False Killer Whale
False killer whales are large members of the dolphin family found in tropical and temperate oceans worldwide. They have a sleek, black or dark gray body with a slender snout and a rounded melon on their forehead. False killer whales are highly social and often travel in large groups called pods.
Fin Whale
Fin whales are the second-largest whale species and can be found in all major oceans. They have a streamlined body with a sleek, dark gray or black coloration. Fin whales are known for their long, slender bodies and their ability to reach high speeds in the water. They primarily feed on small schooling fish and krill.
Fisher
Fishers are medium-sized carnivorous mammals native to North America. They have a dark brown fur coloration and a long, bushy tail. Fishers are skilled climbers and are known for their ability to prey on porcupines. They have a diverse diet that includes small mammals, birds, and fruits.
Franklin’s Ground Squirrel
Franklin’s ground squirrels are small rodents found in the grasslands of western North America. They have a yellowish-brown fur coloration with a white underside. Franklin’s ground squirrels live in burrows and hibernate during the winter months.
Fraser’s Dolphin
Fraser’s dolphins are small dolphins found in tropical and subtropical waters. They have a sleek body and distinctive coloration, with a dark blue or gray upper body and a light gray or white underside. Fraser’s dolphins are highly active swimmers and often engage in leaping and bow-riding behavior.
Giant Kangaroo Rat
Giant kangaroo rats are rodent species found in the deserts of southwestern North America. They have a sandy-brown fur coloration with long hind legs and a long tail. Giant kangaroo rats are known for their powerful jumping ability and use their large cheek pouches to store seeds for later consumption.
Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel
Golden-mantled ground squirrels are small rodents found in the western parts of North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration with a golden stripe running down their back. Golden-mantled ground squirrels hibernate during the winter and are often seen foraging for seeds, nuts, and insects during the warmer months.
Gray Fox
Gray foxes are small carnivores found in North and Central America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration with a black-tipped tail. Gray foxes are excellent climbers and can even climb trees to escape predators or search for food.
Gray Myotis
Gray myotis, also known as gray bats, are medium-sized bats found in caves in the eastern United States. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a wingspan of up to 12 inches. Gray myotis are insectivorous bats and play an important role in controlling insect populations.
Gray Seal
Gray seals are large seals found in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. They have a robust body, a gray or brown fur coloration, and distinctive V-shaped nostrils. Gray seals are known for their haul-out behavior, where they gather on land or ice to rest and molt.
Gray Whale
Gray whales are large marine mammals known for their annual migration between their feeding grounds in the Arctic and their breeding grounds in the warm waters of Mexico. They have a mottled gray coloration and can often be seen breaching and fluking their tails. Gray whales are filter feeders, consuming small crustaceans and other invertebrates.
Gray Wolf
Gray wolves, also known as timber wolves, are highly social carnivores found in North America, Eurasia, and parts of Africa. They have a thick, grayish-brown fur and a strong, muscular build. Gray wolves are apex predators and live in family units called packs, cooperating in hunting and raising their young.
Guadalupe Fur Seal
Guadalupe fur seals are small seals found on the islands of Guadalupe and San Benito off the coast of Baja California, Mexico. They have a dark brown fur coloration with a lighter underbelly. Guadalupe fur seals are highly territorial and breed on rocky shores, forming colonies.
Harbor Porpoise
Harbor porpoises are small cetaceans found in coastal waters of the Northern Hemisphere. They have a dark gray or blackish coloration and a small, rounded dorsal fin. Harbor porpoises are known for their shy and elusive nature, often seen swimming in small groups close to shore.
Harbor Seal
Harbor seals are medium-sized seals found along the coastlines of the Northern Hemisphere. They have a spotted or mottled gray or brown fur coloration and a robust body. Harbor seals are excellent swimmers and spend much of their time in the water, feeding on fish and invertebrates.
Harp Seal
Harp seals are large seals found in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. They have a silvery-gray or blue-gray fur coloration with distinctive black markings resembling a harp on their back. Harp seals are migratory and spend much of their lives in icy waters, feeding on fish and invertebrates.
Harris’s Antelope Squirrel
Harris’s antelope squirrels are small rodents found in the deserts of southwestern North America. They have a yellowish-brown fur coloration with white stripes on their face and back. Harris’s antelope squirrels are well adapted to desert environments and have excellent heat tolerance. They are known for their quick movements and agility, often darting and zigzagging to escape predators.
Hawaiian Monk Seal
Hawaiian monk seals are critically endangered seals endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. They have a sleek, dark gray or brown fur coloration and are one of the rarest seal species in the world. Hawaiian monk seals are known for their solitary nature and can often be found resting on sandy beaches or rocky shores.
Hispid Cotton Rat
Hispid cotton rats are medium-sized rodents found in the grasslands and wetlands of North America. They have a coarse, brownish-gray fur coloration and long whiskers. Hispid cotton rats are primarily herbivorous, feeding on grasses, seeds, and agricultural crops. They are an important prey species for many predators in their ecosystem.
Hoary Bat
Hoary bats are large bats found in North and Central America. They have a distinctive frosted or hoary appearance, with grizzled gray fur. Hoary bats are migratory and can travel long distances, feeding primarily on insects such as moths and beetles.
Hoary Marmot
Hoary marmots are large rodents found in the mountainous regions of North America. They have a stocky body, a grizzled gray fur coloration, and prominent yellowish-brown incisors. Hoary marmots hibernate during the winter months and are highly social, living in colonies. They are well adapted to alpine environments and can often be seen basking in the sun near their burrows.
Hooded Seal
Hooded seals are large seals found in the North Atlantic Ocean and Arctic waters. They have a dark blue or gray fur coloration with a distinct inflatable sac on the top of their heads, which they use for display and communication during mating season. Hooded seals are known for their impressive dives and their ability to swim long distances.
Hooded Skunk
Hooded skunks are small mammals found in North America. They have a black fur coloration with a white stripe on their head that extends down their back. When threatened, hooded skunks can erect their fur, turn their back toward the threat, and stomp their feet as a warning before spraying a strong-smelling musk.
Hopi Chipmunk
Hopi chipmunks are small rodents found in the southwestern United States. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with white stripes on their face and back. Hopi chipmunks are well adapted to desert environments and are capable of withstanding high temperatures and scarcity of water. They are known for their burrowing behavior and storing food in underground caches.
Humpback Whale
Humpback whales are iconic marine mammals known for their impressive acrobatic displays and haunting songs. They have a massive body, with long pectoral fins and a large tail fluke. Humpback whales are known for their extensive migrations, spanning thousands of miles. They are filter feeders, consuming krill and small fish.
Idaho Ground Squirrel
Idaho ground squirrels are burrowing rodents found in the western United States. They have a yellowish-brown fur coloration with a white stripe running down their back. Idaho ground squirrels are diurnal and live in colonies, often creating complex underground tunnel systems. They primarily feed on grasses, seeds, and insects.
Indiana Bat
Indiana bats are small bats found in the eastern United States. They have a brown fur coloration and a wingspan of about 9 to 11 inches. Indiana bats are endangered and hibernate in caves during the winter months. They play a crucial role in insect control, consuming large quantities of insects each night.
Island Gray Fox
Island gray foxes are small carnivorous mammals found on islands off the coast of California, including the Channel Islands. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration and are the only native land mammal on the Channel Islands. Island gray foxes are highly adapted to their island habitats and have played a crucial role in the ecosystem as seed dispersers.
Jaguar
Jaguars are large and powerful big cats found primarily in the Americas. They have a muscular body, a golden or tawny fur coloration with black rosette patterns, and a robust build. Jaguars are skilled swimmers and climbers, known for their stealthy hunting techniques. They are apex predators and play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems.
Jaguarundi
Jaguarundis are small wildcats native to Central and South America. They have a long and slender body with a uniform reddish-brown or grayish-brown fur coloration. Jaguarundis are diurnal and are skilled climbers and swimmers. They have a varied diet that includes small mammals, birds, reptiles, and even fruits.
Killer Whale
Killer whales, also known as orcas, are the largest members of the dolphin family. They have a distinctive black-and-white coloration, a streamlined body, and a prominent dorsal fin. Killer whales are apex predators and are known for their complex social structure, hunting techniques, and communication. They are highly intelligent and have a diverse diet that includes fish, squid, seals, and even other whales.
Kit Fox
Kit foxes are small foxes found in arid regions of North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration with a white underbelly and a bushy tail. Kit foxes are primarily nocturnal and are well adapted to desert environments, feeding on small mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects. They are skilled diggers and often make their dens in sandy soils.
Least Chipmunk
Least chipmunks are small rodents found in North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with dark stripes running down their back. Least chipmunks are known for their cheek pouches, which they use to carry food to their burrows. They primarily feed on seeds, nuts, berries, and insects.
Least Weasel
Least weasels are the smallest members of the weasel family found in North America, Europe, and Asia. They have long and slender bodies with short legs and a brown fur coloration that turns white during the winter. Least weasels are agile hunters, preying on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. They are known for their ability to enter burrows and crevices in pursuit of prey.
Little Brown Bat
Little brown bats, also known as little brown myotis, are small insectivorous bats found in North America. They have a brown fur coloration and a wingspan of about 8 to 11 inches. Little brown bats are nocturnal and roost in caves, attics, and tree cavities during the day. They play a crucial role in insect control, consuming vast numbers of mosquitoes, beetles, and other flying insects.
Long-beaked Common Dolphin
Long-beaked common dolphins are highly social marine mammals found in warm and temperate waters around the world. They have a sleek body, a long beak, and a distinct hourglass pattern on their sides. Long-beaked common dolphins are known for their acrobatic behavior, often leaping and riding the bow waves of boats. They primarily feed on small fish and squid.
Long-finned Pilot Whale
Long-finned pilot whales are large dolphins found in oceans worldwide. They have a robust body, a dark gray or black coloration, and a prominent dorsal fin. Long-finned pilot whales are highly social animals, living in matrilineal groups and forming close bonds with their pod members. They are deep-diving creatures and have a diet consisting mainly of squid and fish.
Long-tailed Vole
Long-tailed voles are small rodents found in North America and Eurasia. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a long tail. Long-tailed voles are herbivorous, feeding on grasses, sedges, and other plant materials. They construct elaborate tunnel systems in grassy habitats and are an important food source for many predators.
Long-tailed Weasel
Long-tailed weasels are small carnivorous mammals found in North America. They have long and slender bodies, short legs, and a long tail. Long-tailed weasels have a brown fur coloration during the summer, which turns white during the winter in regions with snow. They are agile hunters, preying on small mammals, birds, and reptiles.
Lynx
Lynx are medium-sized wildcats found in forests of North America, Europe, and Asia. They have a dense fur coat, tufted ears, and a short tail. Lynx are skilled hunters and are known for their exceptional hearing and eyesight. They primarily prey on snowshoe hares and other small mammals, but they can also take down larger prey when available.
Margay
Margays are small wildcats found in Central and South America. They have a sleek body, a long tail, and distinctive spotted markings. Margays are highly arboreal, spending most of their time in trees. They have a remarkable ability to climb, jump, and even hang upside down from branches. Margays are nocturnal hunters, preying on small mammals, birds, and reptiles.
Marsh Rabbit
Marsh rabbits are small rabbits found in wetland habitats of the southeastern United States. They have a brownish fur coloration with a rusty red tint on their back. Marsh rabbits are excellent swimmers and are well-adapted to marshy environments. They feed on aquatic plants, grasses, and sedges.
Marsh Rice Rat
Marsh rice rats are small rodents found in wetland habitats of North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration and a long tail. Marsh rice rats are good swimmers and are primarily herbivorous, feeding on aquatic plants, seeds, and fruits. They play an important role in wetland ecosystems as seed dispersers.
Meadow Jumping Mouse
Meadow jumping mice are small rodents found in grassy meadows and marshes of North America. They have a brown fur coloration with a white belly and long hind legs. Meadow jumping mice are adept jumpers, using their powerful hind legs to propel themselves across the ground or through vegetation. They feed on seeds, insects, and other small invertebrates.
Meadow Vole
Meadow voles are small rodents found in grassy habitats of North America. They have a brown fur coloration and a short tail. Meadow voles are highly prolific breeders and can create extensive tunnel systems in grassy areas. They primarily feed on grasses, roots, and seeds.
Melon-headed Whale
Melon-headed whales are small dolphins found in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide. They have a sleek body and a bulbous forehead, known as a “melon.” Despite their name, melon-headed whales are actually a species of dolphin. They are highly social and can form large groups, often associating with other species of dolphins.
Mexican Long-tongued Bat
Mexican long-tongued bats are medium-sized bats found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a brown fur coloration and a long, extendable tongue adapted for feeding on nectar and pollen. Mexican long-tongued bats play a crucial role in pollination, particularly of agave plants.
Moose
Moose are the largest species of deer and are found in the northern regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. They have a massive body, long legs, and distinctive palmate antlers. Moose are herbivores, feeding on leaves, twigs, and aquatic vegetation. They are excellent swimmers and are known for their ability to dive underwater.
Mountain Beaver
Mountain beavers are small rodents found in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Despite their name, they are not actually beavers but are more closely related to squirrels and pocket gophers. Mountain beavers have a stocky body, short legs, and a short tail. They are primarily herbivorous, feeding on the bark, leaves, and twigs of various plants.
Mountain Cottontail
Mountain cottontails are small rabbits found in mountainous regions of North America. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a white cotton-like tail. Mountain cottontails are mainly herbivorous, feeding on grasses, herbs, and shrubs. They are crepuscular, being most active during the early morning and late afternoon.
Mountain Goat
Mountain goats are large ungulates found in the high alpine regions of North America. They have a white, shaggy fur coat and are well adapted to steep and rocky terrain. Mountain goats are excellent climbers and are known for their ability to traverse cliffs and mountainsides with ease. They primarily feed on grasses, herbs, and shrubs.
Mule Deer
Mule deer are medium-sized deer found in western North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration with a white rump patch and large ears that resemble those of a mule, hence their name. Mule deer are herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plant materials, including leaves, twigs, and grasses. They are known for their impressive leaping ability and their keen sense of hearing and smell.
Muskox
Muskoxen are large, shaggy mammals found in the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland. They have thick, woolly coats that help them survive in extreme cold. Muskoxen are highly adapted to harsh Arctic environments, using their hooves to dig through snow to find vegetation. They form tight-knit herds and have a defense strategy of forming a protective circle around their young when threatened.
Muskrat
Muskrats are medium-sized rodents found in wetland habitats of North America. They have a dark brown fur coloration with a long, vertically flattened tail. Muskrats are excellent swimmers and are well adapted to aquatic environments. They construct lodges out of vegetation and feed on aquatic plants, roots, and small invertebrates.
Narwhal
Narwhals are medium-sized toothed whales found in the Arctic waters around Greenland and Canada. They are known for the long, spiraled tusk that grows from the upper jaw of males, which can reach lengths of up to 10 feet. Narwhals have a mottled gray or white coloration and are excellent divers, capable of reaching depths of over 5,000 feet.
New England Cottontail
New England cottontails are small rabbits found in the northeastern United States. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration with a small, fluffy white tail. New England cottontails are primarily herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plant materials. They are a species of conservation concern, as their populations have declined due to loss of habitat.
Nine-banded Armadillo
Nine-banded armadillos are unique mammals found in the Americas. They have a distinctive armored shell made up of overlapping plates. Despite their armor, they are excellent diggers and spend much of their time foraging for insects and other invertebrates in the soil. Nine-banded armadillos are known for their ability to roll into a ball as a defensive behavior.
North American Hog-nosed Skunk
North American hog-nosed skunks are small mammals known for their unique defense mechanism. When threatened, they can put on an elaborate display, including hissing, stomping, and even performing a “handstand” on their front legs. They have a black fur coloration with a white stripe running down their back. Hog-nosed skunks are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plant matter and small animals.
North American Porcupine
North American porcupines are large rodents found in forested areas of North America. They have a stocky body covered in quills, which they can raise when threatened. Porcupines are mainly herbivorous, feeding on tree bark, twigs, and foliage. Despite their slow movement, they are skilled climbers and have a prehensile tail that aids in balance.
North American River Otter
North American river otters are semi-aquatic mammals found in freshwater habitats across North America. They have a streamlined body, webbed feet, and a dense fur coat that keeps them warm in the water. River otters are highly skilled swimmers and can close their ears and nostrils underwater. They feed primarily on fish, amphibians, and crustaceans.
North Atlantic Right Whale
North Atlantic right whales are large baleen whales found in the North Atlantic Ocean. They have a stocky body, a V-shaped blowhole, and long baleen plates for filter feeding. North Atlantic right whales are known for their slow movements and their distinctive patches of roughened skin, known as callosities, on their heads. They are critically endangered, with only a few hundred individuals remaining.
North Pacific Right Whale
North Pacific right whales are baleen whales found in the North Pacific Ocean. They are similar in appearance to North Atlantic right whales, with a stocky body, baleen plates, and callosities on their heads. North Pacific right whales were heavily hunted in the past and are now one of the most endangered whale species.
Northern Bottlenose Whale
Northern bottlenose whales are large deep-diving whales found in the North Atlantic Ocean. They have bulbous foreheads and long, slender bodies. Northern bottlenose whales are known for their deep dives, often reaching depths of over 3,000 feet in search of squid and deep-sea fish.
Northern Elephant Seal
Northern elephant seals are large seals found along the Pacific coasts of North America. They have a massive body, a distinctive proboscis on males, and a thick layer of blubber. Northern elephant seals are known for their epic breeding battles and their ability to hold their breath for long periods. They spend much of their lives at sea, only returning to land for breeding and molting.
Northern Flying Squirrel
Northern flying squirrels are small arboreal mammals found in forests of North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a patagium, a fold of skin that allows them to glide between trees. Northern flying squirrels are primarily nocturnal and feed on a variety of plant matter, including seeds, nuts, and fungi.
Northern Fur Seal
Northern fur seals are marine mammals found in the northern Pacific Ocean. They have a dense fur coat, a streamlined body, and large flippers. Northern fur seals are highly gregarious and form large breeding colonies on rocky shores. They feed on fish and squid and are known for their impressive diving abilities.
Northern Long-eared Myotis
Northern long-eared myotis, also known as the northern bat, is a small insectivorous bat found in North America. They have long ears and a dark brown fur coloration. Northern long-eared myotis are primarily nocturnal, feeding on insects such as moths, beetles, and mosquitoes. They roost in tree cavities and caves during the day.
Northern Minke Whale
Northern minke whales are small baleen whales found in the northern oceans. They have a streamlined body and a dark gray or black color. Northern minke whales are fast swimmers and often feed by lunging through schools of small fish or krill with their mouths open. They are one of the most abundant whale species in the world.
Northern Pocket Gopher
Northern pocket gophers are small rodents found in North America. They have a stout body, short legs, and large front teeth for burrowing. Northern pocket gophers live underground in intricate tunnel systems and are herbivorous, feeding on roots, tubers, and other plant materials.
Northern Raccoon
Northern raccoons, also known as common raccoons, are medium-sized mammals found in North America. They have a distinctive black mask across their face and a ringed tail. Northern raccoons are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plant and animal matter. They are highly adaptable and are known for their dexterity and problem-solving abilities.
Northern Right Whale Dolphin
Northern right whale dolphins are small dolphins found in the North Pacific Ocean. They have a sleek body, a black or dark gray coloration, and a distinctive white patch on their bellies. Northern right whale dolphins are highly active swimmers and often ride the bow waves of boats. They primarily feed on small fish and squid.
Northern River Otter
Northern river otters are semi-aquatic mammals found in freshwater habitats across North America. They have a streamlined body, webbed feet, and a dense fur coat that keeps them warm in the water. River otters are highly skilled swimmers and can close their ears and nostrils underwater. They feed primarily on fish, amphibians, and crustaceans.
Northern Short-tailed Shrew
Northern short-tailed shrews are small mammals found in North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration and a pointed snout. Northern short-tailed shrews are voracious predators, feeding on a wide variety of invertebrates, small mammals, and even carrion. They have venomous saliva that helps them immobilize their prey.
Ocelot
Ocelots are medium-sized wildcats found in Central and South America. They have a yellowish-brown fur coloration with dark spots and stripes. Ocelots are excellent climbers and have a solitary and nocturnal lifestyle. They primarily prey on small mammals, birds, and reptiles.
Oldfield Mouse
Oldfield mice are small rodents found in North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a long tail. Oldfield mice are excellent climbers and can often be found in grasslands, forests, and shrubby habitats. They feed on a variety of plant materials and are an important food source for predators.
Olympic Marmot
Olympic marmots are large rodents found in the Olympic Mountains of Washington State, USA. They have a stocky body, a grizzled gray-brown fur coloration, and prominent cheek pouches. Olympic marmots live in alpine meadows and hibernate during the winter months. They primarily feed on grasses, herbs, and other plant materials. Olympic marmots are highly social animals and live in family groups called colonies. They communicate with each other through a series of whistles and chirps.
Pacific White-sided Dolphin
Pacific white-sided dolphins are highly energetic and acrobatic marine mammals found in the North Pacific Ocean. They have a sleek body, a black back, and a striking pattern of white and gray on their sides. Pacific white-sided dolphins are known for their playful behavior, often leaping and riding the bow waves of boats. They are fast swimmers and are often seen in large pods.
Pallid Bat
Pallid bats are large bats found in the western parts of North America. They have pale fur coloration, which gives them their name, and distinctive large ears. Pallid bats are nocturnal and are known for their ability to detect prey using echolocation. They primarily feed on insects, including moths and beetles.
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
Pantropical spotted dolphins are small to medium-sized dolphins found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide. They have a slender body, a dark gray back, and a pattern of spots and streaks on their sides. Pantropical spotted dolphins are highly social animals, often traveling in large groups that can number in the hundreds or even thousands. They are known for their energetic behavior, including leaping and riding the bow waves of boats.
Polar Bear
Polar bears are iconic marine mammals found in the Arctic regions of the world. They have a thick layer of insulating blubber and a white fur coat that camouflages them in their icy environment. Polar bears are excellent swimmers and are known for their ability to hunt seals. They are considered a vulnerable species due to the loss of sea ice habitat caused by climate change.
Pronghorn
Pronghorns, also known as American antelope, are unique mammals found in North America. They have a slender body, long legs, and distinctive branching horns. Pronghorns are the fastest land animals in North America, capable of reaching speeds up to 55 miles per hour. They are herbivorous and feed on grasses, shrubs, and other vegetation.
Pygmy Rabbit
Pygmy rabbits are the smallest species of rabbit found in North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a compact body. Pygmy rabbits are highly specialized for living in sagebrush habitats and feed primarily on sagebrush leaves. They are known for their complex burrow systems, which provide shelter from predators and extreme temperatures.
Pygmy Shrew
Pygmy shrews are tiny mammals found in North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a pointed snout. Pygmy shrews are insectivorous, feeding on a wide variety of small invertebrates. Despite their small size, they have a high metabolic rate and must consume large amounts of food to sustain their energy levels.
Pygmy Sperm Whale
Pygmy sperm whales are small-toothed whales found in warm and temperate oceans worldwide. They have a stocky body, a rounded head, and a dark gray or brown coloration. Pygmy sperm whales are deep-diving creatures, known for their ability to dive to great depths in search of squid and other prey. They are elusive animals and are rarely seen at the surface.
Raccoon
Raccoons are medium-sized mammals found in North America. They have a distinctive black mask across their face, a ringed tail, and dexterous front paws. Raccoons are highly adaptable and can be found in various habitats, including forests, urban areas, and wetlands. They are omnivorous and have a diet that includes fruits, nuts, insects, small mammals, and even garbage.
Red Bat
Red bats are medium-sized bats found in North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and a wingspan of about 10 to 12 inches. Red bats are highly migratory and can travel long distances. They are known for their ability to roost in trees and blend in with their surroundings by hanging upside down and tucking their wings around their body.
Red Brocket
Red brockets are medium-sized deer found in Central and South America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and short antlers. Red brockets are primarily nocturnal and feed on a variety of vegetation, including leaves, fruits, and flowers. They are solitary animals and are often found in dense forest habitats.
Red Fox
Red foxes are medium-sized carnivores found in various habitats across North America, Europe, and Asia. They have a rusty red fur coloration and a bushy tail. Red foxes are highly adaptable and have a diverse diet that includes small mammals, birds, reptiles, and fruits. They are known for their cunning and intelligence.
Red Squirrel
Red squirrels are small arboreal mammals found in North America and Eurasia. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and a bushy tail. Red squirrels are agile climbers and spend much of their time in trees. They primarily feed on nuts, seeds, and tree bark. Red squirrels are known for their territorial behavior and energetic nature.
Red Wolf
Red wolves are critically endangered canids found in the southeastern United States. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and long legs. Red wolves are social animals and form packs. They are primarily nocturnal and are known for their howling vocalizations. Red wolves primarily feed on small to medium-sized mammals.
Ribbon Seal
Ribbon seals are medium-sized seals found in the Arctic and North Pacific Oceans. They have a distinctive fur pattern, with dark bands and patches on a light background. Ribbon seals are highly adapted to icy environments and spend much of their time on sea ice. They primarily feed on fish and invertebrates.
Richardson’s Ground Squirrel
Richardson’s ground squirrels, also known as gophers, are small rodents found in grasslands and prairies of North America. They have a yellowish-brown fur coloration with a white-tipped tail. Richardson’s ground squirrels are known for their burrowing behavior and are considered agricultural pests in some areas. They primarily feed on grasses, seeds, and insects.
Ringed Seal
Ringed seals are small seals found in the Arctic regions of the world. They have a mottled gray or brown fur coloration and distinct ring-like markings on their back. Ringed seals are well adapted to icy environments and have specialized claws for maintaining breathing holes in sea ice. They primarily feed on fish and invertebrates.
Ringtail
Ringtails are small mammals found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a slender body, a long tail with alternating dark and light rings, and large eyes adapted for nocturnal activity. Ringtails are agile climbers and are primarily insectivorous, feeding on a variety of insects and other small invertebrates.
Risso’s Dolphin
Risso’s dolphins are large dolphins found in oceans worldwide. They have a robust body, a gray or brown coloration, and distinctive scars and scratches caused by interactions with other dolphins or prey. Risso’s dolphins are deep-diving creatures and feed primarily on squid. They are known for their acrobatic behaviors, such as leaping and tail-slapping.
Rock Squirrel
Rock squirrels are medium-sized rodents found in rocky habitats of North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration and a bushy tail. Rock squirrels are well adapted to rocky terrain and can often be seen climbing on rocks and boulders. They primarily feed on a variety of plant materials, including seeds, nuts, fruits, and leaves. Rock squirrels play an important role in seed dispersal and are a common sight in arid and desert environments.
Rock Vole
Rock voles are small rodents found in rocky habitats of North America. They have a stocky body, short legs, and a short tail. Rock voles are well adapted to their rocky environment and are excellent climbers. They primarily feed on grasses, herbs, and shrubs. Rock voles create extensive tunnel systems in the soil and are an important prey species for predators.
Rough-toothed Dolphin
Rough-toothed dolphins are medium-sized dolphins found in tropical and warm temperate waters worldwide. They have a slender body, a dark gray coloration, and distinctive ridges on their teeth, giving them their name. Rough-toothed dolphins are highly social animals and often travel in groups. They feed on a variety of fish and squid.
Round-tailed Ground Squirrel
Round-tailed ground squirrels are small rodents found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a round body, a short tail, and a gray-brown fur coloration. Round-tailed ground squirrels are well-adapted to desert environments and are active during the day. They primarily feed on seeds, grasses, and desert plants.
Sea Mink
Sea minks were a species of mink that were once found along the eastern coast of North America. They had a dark brown fur coloration and were larger than other mink species. Unfortunately, sea minks were heavily hunted for their fur, and they were declared extinct in the late 19th century.
Sea Otter
Sea otters are marine mammals found along the coastlines of the northern Pacific Ocean. They have a dense fur coat that keeps them warm in cold water. Sea otters are known for their playful behavior and can often be seen floating on their backs or using rocks as tools to crack open shellfish. They primarily feed on marine invertebrates, such as clams, crabs, and sea urchins.
Sei Whale
Sei whales are large baleen whales found in oceans worldwide. They have a streamlined body, a dark gray coloration, and a tall, sickle-shaped dorsal fin. Sei whales are fast swimmers and can reach speeds of up to 30 miles per hour. They primarily feed on small fish and krill. Sei whales are currently listed as an endangered species.
Short-beaked Common Dolphin
Short-beaked common dolphins are small to medium-sized dolphins found in oceans worldwide. They have a sleek body, a black or dark gray coloration on their back, and a distinctive hourglass pattern on their sides. Short-beaked common dolphins are highly social and often travel in large groups, called pods. They are known for their acrobatic behaviors, such as leaping and riding the bow waves of boats.
Short-finned Pilot Whale
Short-finned pilot whales are large dolphins found in oceans worldwide. They have a robust body, a dark gray or black coloration, and a bulbous forehead. Short-finned pilot whales are highly social animals and live in tightly-knit family groups, known as pods. They are deep divers and primarily feed on squid and fish.
Silver-haired Bat
Silver-haired bats are medium-sized bats found in North America. They have a dark brown fur coloration with silver-tipped hairs, giving them their name. Silver-haired bats are solitary animals and are mainly nocturnal, feeding on insects such as moths, beetles, and mosquitoes. They are known for their long-distance migration, traveling hundreds of miles each year.
Singing Vole
Singing voles, also known as meadow voles, are small rodents found in grassy habitats of North America. They have a brown fur coloration and a short tail. Singing voles are highly vocal and use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. They primarily feed on grasses, herbs, and other plant materials.
Snowshoe Hare
Snowshoe hares are medium-sized rabbits found in boreal forests of North America. They have a brown fur coloration in the summer, which turns white during the winter to blend in with the snowy surroundings. Snowshoe hares are known for their large hind feet, which help them move efficiently on snow. They primarily feed on a variety of plant materials, including bark, twigs, and leaves.
Southern Bog Lemming
Southern bog lemmings are small rodents found in wetland habitats of North America. They have a brown fur coloration with a short tail. Southern bog lemmings are well adapted to their wetland environment and are good swimmers. They primarily feed on grasses, sedges, and other wetland plants.
Southern Flying Squirrel
Southern flying squirrels are small nocturnal mammals found in forests of North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a flap of skin between their forelimbs and hindlimbs, allowing them to glide between trees. Southern flying squirrels primarily feed on nuts, seeds, and fungi. They are known for their ability to form communal nests and share winter food caches with other squirrels.
Southern Short-tailed Shrew
Southern short-tailed shrews are small mammals found in eastern North America. They have a gray or brown fur coloration and a long, pointed snout. Southern short-tailed shrews are highly active and have a high metabolic rate, requiring them to consume large amounts of food. They primarily feed on insects, earthworms, and other small invertebrates.
Southern Spotted Skunk
Southern spotted skunks are small carnivorous mammals found in North America. They have a black fur coloration with distinct white spots or stripes on their back. Southern spotted skunks are known for their defensive behavior, which includes stomping their front feet, arching their back, and performing handstands before spraying a pungent odor. They primarily feed on insects, small mammals, and birds.
Southwestern Myotis
Southwestern myotis are small bats found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. They have a brownish-gray fur coloration and a wingspan of about 10 to 12 inches. Southwestern myotis are insectivorous and feed on a variety of flying insects, including moths, beetles, and mosquitoes. They roost in caves, mines, and other dark and secluded places.
Sperm Whale
Sperm whales are the largest toothed whales and are found in oceans worldwide. They have a massive body, a large square-shaped head, and a spout that can reach heights of up to 20 feet. Sperm whales are known for their impressive diving ability and can descend to great depths in search of squid and other prey. They are also famous for producing the loudest sound in the animal kingdom.
Spinner Dolphin
Spinner dolphins are medium-sized dolphins found in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide. They have a slender body, a dark gray or black coloration, and a long, slender snout. Spinner dolphins are known for their acrobatic displays, including leaping out of the water and spinning in the air. They are highly social animals and often travel in large groups.
Spotted Ground Squirrel
Spotted ground squirrels are small rodents found in North America. They have a brown fur coloration with distinctive spots or patches on their back. Spotted ground squirrels are diurnal and are often seen foraging on the ground for seeds, nuts, and vegetation. They are known for their ability to quickly retreat to their burrows when threatened. Spotted ground squirrels play an important role in seed dispersal and can be found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, meadows, and shrublands.
Spotted Seal
Spotted seals are medium-sized seals found in the Arctic and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They have a mottled gray or brown fur coloration with distinctive spots or rings on their back. Spotted seals are well adapted to icy environments and spend much of their time on sea ice. They primarily feed on fish and invertebrates. Spotted seals are an important prey species for polar bears and other predators in the Arctic.
Star-nosed Mole
Star-nosed moles are small mole species found in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States. They have a unique star-shaped structure of fleshy appendages on their snout, which they use to detect and capture prey. Star-nosed moles are excellent diggers and spend most of their time underground, feeding on small invertebrates. They are adapted to live in wet soil and can even swim using their paddle-like feet.
Steller Sea Lion
Steller sea lions are large sea lions found along the coasts of the North Pacific Ocean. They have a robust body, a brown fur coloration, and a distinctively thick neck. Steller sea lions are highly social animals and form large breeding colonies on rocky shores. They primarily feed on fish and squid and are known for their impressive diving and swimming abilities.
Striped Dolphin
Striped dolphins are medium-sized dolphins found in tropical and warm temperate waters worldwide. They have a sleek body with a dark gray coloration on their back and distinctive stripes along their sides. Striped dolphins are highly social and often travel in large groups, known as pods. They are known for their energetic behavior, including leaping and bow-riding. They primarily feed on fish and squid.
Striped Skunk
Striped skunks are small mammals known for their distinct black and white fur coloration and their ability to release a strong-smelling spray as a defense mechanism. They are found in various habitats across North America. Striped skunks are omnivorous and feed on a variety of plant matter, insects, small mammals, and carrion. They are nocturnal animals and are primarily active during the night.
Swamp Rabbit
Swamp rabbits are medium-sized rabbits found in wetland habitats of the southeastern United States. They have a dark brown fur coloration and long hind legs adapted for swimming and hopping. Swamp rabbits are excellent swimmers and are well-adapted to their swampy environment. They primarily feed on a variety of vegetation, including grasses, sedges, and shrubs.
Swift Fox
Swift foxes are small fox species found in the western and central parts of North America. They have a slender body, a light brown or gray fur coloration, and large ears. Swift foxes are primarily nocturnal and are known for their swift running speed. They are omnivorous and feed on a variety of prey, including rodents, insects, birds, and plant matter.
Tayra
Tayras are medium-sized mammals found in Central and South America. They resemble weasels and have a dark brown fur coloration and a long, slender body. Tayras are agile climbers and are primarily arboreal, spending much of their time in trees. They feed on a variety of prey, including small mammals, birds, reptiles, and fruit.
Texas Pocket Gopher
Texas pocket gophers are small rodents endemic to Texas, USA. They have a stout body, short legs, and large front teeth for digging burrows. Texas pocket gophers are fossorial and spend most of their lives underground. They feed on plant roots, tubers, and bulbs, and their burrowing behavior helps aerate the soil and mix organic matter.
Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel
Thirteen-lined ground squirrels are small rodents found in the central parts of North America. They have a light brown fur coloration with 13 alternating dark and light stripes on their back. Thirteen-lined ground squirrels are diurnal and spend much of their time foraging for seeds, nuts, and vegetation. They are known for their complex burrow systems and their ability to hibernate during the winter months.
Townsend’s Big-eared Bat
Townsend’s big-eared bats are medium-sized bats found in western North America. They have large ears, which give them their distinctive appearance, and brown fur coloration. Townsend’s big-eared bats are primarily insectivorous and feed on a variety of flying insects, including moths, beetles, and mosquitoes. They roost in caves, mines, and other dark and secluded places.
Tri-colored Bat
Tri-colored bats, also known as Eastern pipistrelles, are small bats found in eastern North America. They have a tri-colored fur pattern, with dark brown, yellowish-brown, and pale gray patches. Tri-colored bats are insectivorous and feed on a variety of flying insects. They roost in trees, caves, and other sheltered locations.
Tundra Vole
Tundra voles are small rodents found in the tundra and other arctic habitats. They have a brown fur coloration and a short tail. Tundra voles are well adapted to their cold environment and have a high metabolic rate to generate body heat. They primarily feed on grasses, sedges, and other vegetation. Tundra voles play an important role in the Arctic ecosystem as a prey species for various predators.
Uinta Ground Squirrel
Uinta ground squirrels are medium-sized rodents found in the western parts of North America. They have a gray-brown fur coloration and a short, bushy tail. Uinta ground squirrels are diurnal and are often seen foraging on the ground for seeds, nuts, and vegetation. They hibernate during the winter months and live in burrow systems for shelter and protection.
Utah Prairie Dog
Utah prairie dogs are small rodents endemic to Utah, USA. They have a light brown fur coloration and a stout body. Utah prairie dogs are highly social animals and live in complex burrow systems called towns. They primarily feed on grasses and other vegetation. Utah prairie dogs are considered a keystone species, as their burrowing behavior helps aerate the soil and create habitat for other species.
Virginia Opossum
Virginia opossums, often simply called possums, are marsupials found in North and Central America. They have a grayish fur coloration, a long prehensile tail, and a pouch for carrying their young. Virginia opossums are highly adaptable and can be found in various habitats, including forests, marshes, and urban areas. They are omnivorous and feed on a wide variety of food, including fruits, insects, small mammals, and carrion.
Walrus
Walruses are large marine mammals found in the Arctic regions of the world. They have a massive body, long tusks, and a thick layer of blubber. Walruses are highly adapted to their icy environment and are known for their distinctive appearance. They feed primarily on mollusks, such as clams and mussels, and are capable of diving to great depths to forage for their food on the ocean floor.
West Indian Manatee
West Indian manatees, also known as sea cows, are large marine mammals found in the coastal waters of the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. They have a robust body, wrinkled grayish-brown skin, and a paddle-shaped tail. West Indian manatees are herbivorous and feed on aquatic vegetation, such as seagrasses and aquatic plants. They are gentle and slow-moving animals, often found in warm, shallow waters. West Indian manatees are endangered due to habitat loss, boat strikes, and other human activities.
Western Gray Squirrel
Western gray squirrels are medium-sized rodents found in the western parts of North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration and a bushy tail. Western gray squirrels are excellent climbers and spend much of their time in trees. They feed on a variety of plant materials, including nuts, seeds, fruits, and tree bark. Western gray squirrels are known for their ability to cache food for future use.
Western Harvest Mouse
Western harvest mice are small rodents found in western North America. They have a brownish fur coloration and a long tail. Western harvest mice are primarily nocturnal and are known for their ability to build intricate nests using grasses and other plant materials. They feed on a variety of seeds, grains, and insects. Western harvest mice play an important role in seed dispersal and are often found in grasslands, meadows, and marshes.
Western Jumping Mouse
Western jumping mice are small rodents found in western North America. They have a brownish fur coloration with a white belly and long hind legs adapted for jumping. Western jumping mice are primarily nocturnal and are known for their impressive jumping ability. They feed on a variety of plant materials, including seeds, fruits, and insects. They are often found in grasslands, meadows, and forested areas.
Western Red Bat
Western red bats are medium-sized bats found in western North America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and a wingspan of about 10 to 12 inches. Western red bats are highly migratory and can travel long distances. They roost in trees and are known for their ability to blend in with their surroundings by hanging upside down and tucking their wings around their body. They primarily feed on flying insects, such as moths and beetles.
Western Spotted Skunk
Western spotted skunks are small carnivorous mammals found in western North America. They have a black fur coloration with distinct white spots or stripes on their back. Western spotted skunks are nocturnal and have a unique defensive behavior of performing a handstand and spraying a pungent odor when threatened. They feed on a variety of prey, including small mammals, birds, insects, and reptiles.
White-beaked Dolphin
White-beaked dolphins are medium-sized dolphins found in the North Atlantic Ocean. They have a robust body, a dark gray coloration on their back, and distinctive white markings on their flanks and belly. White-beaked dolphins are highly social and often travel in groups called pods. They are known for their energetic behavior, including leaping and bow-riding. They primarily feed on fish and squid.
White-footed Mouse
White-footed mice are small rodents found in North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration and white underparts and feet. White-footed mice are primarily nocturnal and are excellent climbers. They feed on a variety of plant materials, including seeds, nuts, fruits, and insects. White-footed mice play an important role in seed dispersal and are often found in forests, woodlands, and shrublands.
White-lipped Peccary
White-lipped peccaries, also known as collared peccaries, are medium-sized pig-like mammals found in Central and South America. They have a dark gray or black fur coloration and distinctive white markings around their lips. White-lipped peccaries are highly social animals and live in large herds. They primarily feed on a variety of plant materials, including fruits, nuts, roots, and vegetation. They play an important role in seed dispersal and are considered important ecosystem engineers.
White-nosed Coati
White-nosed coatis are medium-sized mammals found in Central and South America. They have a long snout, a slender body, and a long, ringed tail. White-nosed coatis are highly social and live in groups called bands. They are omnivorous and feed on a variety of food, including fruits, insects, small mammals, and bird eggs. White-nosed coatis are excellent climbers and are often seen foraging in trees and searching for food on the ground.
White-tailed Deer
White-tailed deer are large ungulates found in North and South America. They have a reddish-brown fur coloration and a white underside, with a distinctive white tail that flashes when they are alarmed. White-tailed deer are herbivorous and feed on a variety of vegetation, including leaves, twigs, fruits, and grasses. They are known for their agility and can run at high speeds and leap over obstacles.
White-tailed Jackrabbit
White-tailed jackrabbits are large rabbits found in the western parts of North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration with a white underside and a long, black-tipped tail. White-tailed jackrabbits are primarily nocturnal and are known for their swift running speed. They feed on a variety of plant materials, including grasses, herbs, and twigs. They are well adapted to their arid habitat and can survive without drinking water, obtaining moisture from their food.
White-tailed Prairie Dog
White-tailed prairie dogs are small rodents found in the grasslands of North America. They have a tan or brown fur coloration with a white-tipped tail. White-tailed prairie dogs are highly social animals and live in large colonies called towns. They are excellent diggers and create extensive burrow systems. They primarily feed on grasses, seeds, and vegetation. White-tailed prairie dogs are considered a keystone species, as their burrowing behavior creates a habitat for other species and improves soil fertility.
Wolverine
Wolverines are medium-sized carnivores found in the northern parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. They have a stocky body, dark fur with a lighter patch on their throat, and powerful jaws and teeth. Wolverines are known for their strength and ferocity and are excellent climbers and swimmers. They have a diverse diet and can scavenge, hunt small mammals, and feed on carrion. Wolverines are solitary animals and require large home ranges.
Woodchuck
Woodchucks, also known as groundhogs, are large rodents found in North America. They have a stout body, short legs, and brown fur coloration. Woodchucks are well known for their behavior of hibernating during the winter months. They are primarily herbivorous and feed on grasses, leaves, fruits, and vegetables. Woodchucks are excellent diggers and create burrows for shelter and protection.
Woodland Jumping Mouse
Woodland jumping mice are small rodents found in woodlands and forests of North America. They have a brownish fur coloration with a long tail and large hind legs adapted for jumping. Woodland jumping mice are primarily nocturnal and are skilled climbers and jumpers. They feed on a variety of seeds, nuts, fruits, and insects. They are known for their ability to hibernate during the winter months and their efficient movement through the forest floor.
Woodland Vole
Woodland voles, also known as pine voles, are small rodents found in forests and woodlands of North America. They have a brown fur coloration and a short tail. Woodland voles are burrowing animals and create intricate tunnel systems in the soil. They primarily feed on grasses, roots, and other plant materials. Woodland voles are an important prey species for predators such as owls, snakes, and foxes.
Wyoming Ground Squirrel
Wyoming ground squirrels are medium-sized rodents found in the western parts of North America. They have a grayish-brown fur coloration with a white-tipped tail. Wyoming ground squirrels are diurnal and are often seen foraging on the ground for seeds, nuts, and vegetation. They are known for their burrowing behavior and create extensive underground burrow systems. Wyoming ground squirrels are important members of grassland ecosystems and contribute to soil aeration and nutrient cycling.
Yellow-bellied Marmot
Yellow-bellied marmots are large ground-dwelling rodents found in the mountainous regions of North America. They have a stocky body, a yellowish-brown fur coloration, and a distinctive yellow belly. Yellow-bellied marmots are diurnal and spend much of their time sunning themselves on rocks. They feed on a variety of vegetation, including grasses, herbs, and shrubs. They are known for their loud alarm calls and their ability to hibernate during the winter months.
Yellow-pine Chipmunk
Yellow-pine chipmunks are small rodents found in the western parts of North America. They have a brownish fur coloration with stripes on their back and a white belly. Yellow-pine chipmunks are diurnal and are known for their behavior of collecting and storing food in their cheek pouches. They primarily feed on seeds, nuts, fruits, and insects. Yellow-pine chipmunks are agile climbers and can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests and woodlands.
Bryan Harding is a member of the American Society of Mammalogists and a member of the American Birding Association. Bryan is especially fond of mammals and has studied and worked with them around the world. Bryan serves as owner, writer, and publisher of North American Nature.